22. Over the last 100 years, the level of government that has seen the largest increase in its percentage of expenditures is A. local. B. provincial C. federal D. all of these answer options are correct. 23. The measures the dollar cost of the incremental congestion created by each new member to a community. A. club membership fee B. community tax C. marginal congestion cost D. marginal cost of public funds 24. When did federal transfers as a percentage of provincial and local expenditures reach its peak? A. 1960s B. 1970s C. 1980s D. 1990s 25. Net fiscal benefits are A. an economic theory and not present in the real world. B. when government action is not required to achieve efficiency. C. the value of publicly provided services minus their cost to the recipient of those services. D. all of these answers are correct. 26. In 2013-14, all provinces except received equalization payments. A. Ontario and Quebec B. Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia C. Newfoundland and Labrador, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia D. Newfoundland and Labrador, Ontario and Quebec 27. More than half of federal grant outlays go for programs relating to post-secondary education, health, and A. international aid B. defence C. social assistance D. roads