2.34. At standard conditions, water and butanol phase-separate so that a mixture of them forms two liquid phases. To such a mixture, acetic acid is slowly added; with each increase in the amount added its mole fraction in each phase is determined experimentally. (a) It is found for small amounts of added acetic acid that the mole fractions in the two phases nearly always have the same ratio and can be described by a distribution or partition coefficient K=xAB/xAW that is approximately 3.4. Here the mole fractions pertain to acetic acid and the superscripts B and W to the butanol and water phases. Explain why this might be the case and find an expression for K in terms of thermodynamic quantities. (b) A total of 0.5 moles of acetic acid is added to a mixture of 1L each of water and butanol. Find the mole fractions of acetic acid in each phase. The densities of butanol and water are 0.81g/ml and 1.0g/ml, respectively. Assume that you can neglect any water that enters the butanol phase and vice versa