25 Stockholders equity last year was $580 and this year is $620. Last years retained earnings was $22 and this years retained earnings is $23. Is the change in stockholders equity a source or a use of funds and how much is its dollaramount?

a. Stockholders equity is higher than expected by $40. So SE is a source telling us stock was issued.

b. Stockholders equity is higher than expected by $12. So SE is a source telling us stock was repurchased.

c. Stockholders equity is higher than expected by $40. So SE is a source telling us stock was repurchased.

d. Stockholders equity is higher than expected by $12. So SE is a source telling us stock was issued.

e. Stockholders equity is as expected and so stock was neither issued or repurchased

26 Stockholders equity last year was $300 and this year is $277. Last years retained earnings was $25 and this years retained earnings is $28. Is the change in stockholders equity a source or a use of funds and how much is its dollar amount?

a. Stockholders equity is less than expected by $8. So SE is a source telling us stock was issued.

b. Stockholders equity is less than expected by $23. So SE is a source telling us stock was repurchased.

c. Stockholders equity is less than expected by $23. So SE is a source telling us stock was repurchased.

d. Stockholders equity is less than expected by $8. So SE is a source telling us stock was issued.

e. Stockholders equity is as expected and so stock was neither issued or repurchased

I did not get how to get the answer. Need detailed explanation