3. Complete exercise (31) on p.142 of Language Files. Note that a vowel with a ring underneath it (like [a]) is a voiceless vowel. Please assume that all vowels are underlyingly voiced. (14 points) i. Are voiced and voiceless vowels in Totonac in free variation, contrastive distribution or comple- mentary distribution? ii. If they are in complementary distribution, write a rule for its phonetic transformation. If they are not, give your evidence for thinking so. 4. Complete exercise (35) on p.143 of Language Files. (14 points) Are [x] and in complementary or contrastive distribution? If the sounds are allophones in complementary distribution, state using natural class terms the pho- netic contexts for each allophone. 5. Look at the data in (36) on p.143 of Language Files. i. Are [r], [r] and allophones of one, two or three different phonemes in Farsi? (8 points) ii. If they are allophones of three different phonemes, list a minimal pair (or triple) that show this. If they are allophones of one or two phonemes, state the rules for their distribution. (10 points) 6. Look at the Latin and Italian data below. Latin Italian Gloss keno] [t feno] 'I dine' [kentum] > [tfento] 'hundred' [kirkus] > [tfirko] 'circus' [kivilis] [tjivile] 'civil' Based only on the data above, what is to be the outcome of word-initial Latin [k] in Italian? (2 points)