3. Consider the following document snippet, taken from Wikipedia: On 28 June 1999, Jack Ma and 17 friends and students founded Alibaba.com, a China-based B2B marketplace site, in his Hangzhou apartment. In October 1999, Alibaba received a US$25 million investment from Goldman Sachs and SoftBank. Alibaba.com was expected to improve the domestic e-commerce market and perfect an e-commerce platform for Chinese enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), to help export Chinese products to the global market as well as address World Trade Organization (WTO) challenges. In 2002, Alibaba.com became profitable three years after launch. Ma wanted to improve the global e-commerce system, so from 2003 onward, Alibaba launched Taobao Marketplace, Alipay, Alimama.com, and Lynx. (a) Identify 3 different types of named entity mentioned in the text. Give at least one example of each. [9 marks) (b) What is the difference between a system which carries out coreference resolution and a system which carries out named entity linking? [6 marks) (c) Give 2 examples of variation and 2 examples of ambiguity for named entities. Explain why variation and ambiguity are problems for named entity linking. [9 marks) (d) Outline a plan for building a named entity linking system. How would you account for variation and ambiguity? [14 marks) (e) For each of the following applications, would Named Entity Recognition and Named Entity Linking components be useful? Justify your answers. (12 marks] i. Information-Retrieval based Factoid Question Answering System. ii. Knowledge-based Factoid Question Answering System. iii. Automatic Speech Transcription. iv. Machine Translation