3. Gains from trade Consider two neighboring island countries called Contente and Felicidad. They each have 4 million labor hours available per month that they can use to produce corn, jeans, or a combination of both. The following table shows the amount of corn orjeans that can be produced using 1 hour of labor. Corn Jeans Country (Bushels per hour of labor) (Pails per hour of labor) Contente B 16 Felicidad 5 20 Initially, suppose Contente uses 1 million hours of labor per month to produce corn and 3 million hours per month to produce jeans, while Felicidad uses 3 million hours of labor per month to produce corn and 1 million hours per month to produce jeans. Consequently, Contente produces 8 million bushels of corn and 48 million pairs of jeans, and Felicidad produces 15 million bushels of corn and 20 million pairs ofjeans. Assume there are no other countries willing to trade goods, so, in the absence of trade between these two countries, each country consumes the amount of corn and jeans it produces. Contente's opportunity cost of producing 1 bushel of corn is 2 pairs V of jeans, and Felicidad's opportunity cost of producing l bushel of corn is 4 pairs V of jeans. Therefore, Contente V has a comparative advantage in the production of corn, and Felicidad V has a comparative advantage in the production ofjeans. Suppose that each country completely specializes in the production of the good in which it has a comparative advantage, producing only that good. In this case, the country that produces corn will produce- million bushels per month, and the country that produces jeans will produce million pairs per month. In the Following table, enter each country's production decision on the third row of the table (marked "Production\"). Suppose the country that produces corn trades 18 million bushels of corn to the other country in exchange For 54 million pairs of jeans. In the Following table, select the amount of each good that each country exports and imports in the boxes across the row marked "Trade Action,\" and enter each country's nal consumption of each good on the line marked "Consumption.\" When the two countries did not specialize, the total production of corn was 23 million bushels per month, and the total production of jeans was 68 million pairs per month. Because of specialization, the total production of corn has increased by E million bushels per month, and the total production ijeans has increased by million pairs per month. Because the two countries produce more corn and more jeans under specialization, each country is able to gain from trade. Calculate the gains from tradethat is, the amount by which each country has increased its consumption of each good relative to the rst row of the table. In the Following table, enter this difference in the boxes across the last row ( marked "Increase in Consumption\"). Contente Felicidad Corn Jeans Corn Jeans (Millions of bushels) (Millions of pairs) { Millions of bushels) ( Millions of pairs) Without Trade Production 8 48 15 20 Consumption 8 48 15 20 With Trade l:|l:|l:|l:| Calculate the gains from trade-that is, the amount by which each country has increased its consumption of each good relative to the first row of the table. In the following table, enter this difference in the boxes across the last row (marked "Increase in Consumption"). Contente Felicidad Corn Jeans Corn Jeans ( Millions of bushels) (Millions of pairs) (Millions of bushels) (Millions of pairs) Without Trade Production 8 48 15 20 Consumption 8 48 15 20 With Trade Production 32 Trade action Exports 18 Consumption 14 Gains from Trade Increase in Consumption