3 Loads and strength. Discuss the types of loads acting on your structure and how these loads are resisted by the structural system. Use annotated the figures/photos to assist your discussions where needed. Support your discussions with information researched in open literature and reference clauses from the standards as required. 3.1 Vertical loads Determine the floor actions (in kPa) acting on the common floors/roof of your structure using ASINZ3 1170.1. 3.2 Wind actions Determine the design wind speed (in mus) acting on a wall of your structure using AS/NZS 1170.2, or Determine the design wind pressure (in kPa) acting on the middle of a wall and the corner of the roof of your structure using AS 4055 (This section is simply to appreciate the factors involved in determining wind actions. Make reasonable assumptions and simplifications as appropriate and note in your report. Choose the wall and wind direction which will produce the largest speed pressure) 3.3 Structural resistance of the frame Discuss how the vertical loads are transferred to the foundation and discuss how your structure prevents lateral movement from wind actions. Use photos of the frame and structural drawings (or the 3D model) to annotate the load path and support the discussion. 3.4 Strength of members Calculate the strength of 2 common structural members: * Compressive strength of a column. Calculate squash load (section capacity) only. Provide your answer in KN and also convert to tonnes (if load bearing precast concrete walls are used, calculate using a I'm width section of the wall) Flexural strength of a beam/rafter. Calculate section capacity (in kNm) and then use the beam ormulae to approximately determine the load carrying capacity (in tonnes/m)Experienced in a severe tropical cyclone can be devastating! EXIT COURSE According to AS/NZS 1170.2, where are Australia's highest wind speeds?.. (that may or may not be a possible quiz question...) Torres Strait Islands 143 Region 62 Nhulunbuy Christmas faland Region CE Region 82 Ragion 82 Goods Islands DARWIN -McDonnell Greek Region C Morcion Region C Wyndham (9). Marceba 50 m Hiser 100 km Region C Borrelgala 50 km- Caires Kununurn Smoothed Ivanhoe coastling Burkatown Townsville Part Hodland Broome Tennant. Karratha Greek Normanion Mount Isa Collinsville -Rookhampton Onslow `Marble Bar Allon Springs Region 02 Willandum Biloala Bundaberg Exmouth Region C Samarvon 200 kim - Region Bi Guscome Junction Region A0 Toowsomba BRISBANE Callythana Springs Ryagie Carindi Mullens Norfolk Island 209 km Region Bi Region 12 Bourke Morawa Region AS Woomera Garaktion Tanworthy 109 km Kalgoarlie Lord Howe Island Groan Port Augusta Ragion A2 Head PERTH Mildure CANBERRA 43/ Newcastle Experange ADELAIDE SYDNEY > Region A2 Wapya Wapps Region A1- 200 km- Wollongong Mount Gambier Bandig PV DAQUANG 50 km Regions are marked with the letters Ballarat State border A (AO 10 A6). 81, 82, C and D. Geelong Coastal region boundaries are smooth lines set in from a smoothed Launchlen coastline by 60, 100, 160 and 200 km. Region A4 islands within 60 km of the coast HOBART are designated in the same region as the adjacent coast. Wind Regions (AS/NZS 1170.2 - Figure 3.1(A)Regional wind speed EXIT COURSE The wind region is combined with the NCC annual probability of design requirement to determine the regional wind speed using AS/NZS 1170.2 - Table 3.1(A). When looking at the table, you'll see that the lowest regional wind speed for any region A structure is still 30 m/s! (108 km/hr). Table 3.1(A) - Regional wind speeds - Australia Regional wind Region speed [m/s) Non-cyclonic Cyclonic A (0 to 5) B1, B2 V1 (maximum] 30 D (maximum) 26 VS 23 32 23 28 V10 33 34 35 33 V20 39 37 43 38 V25 45 37 51 39 47 Vso 39 53 44 V100 52 41 60 48 V200 56 43 66 52 V250 61 43 72 53 VSoo 62 45 74 57 V1000 66 46 80 60 V2000 70 48 85 63 V2500 73 90 48 64 V50oo 74 50 91 67 78 V10000 51 95 69 VR (R 2 5 years] 81 67-41R-0.1 99 106-92R-0.1 122-104R-0.1 156-1428-0.1 Regional wind speeds (AS/NZ$ 1170.2 - Table 3.1)NORTHROP 2.2 Building Climate Zone The proposed site location of Murray Jones Drive, Bankstown falls under Blacktown City Council's local government area, which is identified as being in Climate Zone 6 of the ABCB's Sydney Surrounds Climate Zone Map, as illustrated in Figure 2 below. Sydney Surrounds Climate Zones Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Bankstown, Zone 4 2200 Zone 5 Zone & Zone 7 Zone B SITHEALEN Local Government Area boundary Figure 2 Sydney Surrounds Climate Zone Map 2.3 Modelling Software The building simulation was undertaken via DesignBuilder (V6.1.0.006) user interface with EnergyPlus (v8.9) dynamic simulation engine. DesignBuilder is developed for the EnergyPlus by U.S. Department of Energy. EnergyPlus is BESTEST certified in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 140:2001. 2.4 Location and Weather Data The weather data used in the simulation was the Australian Representative Meteorological Year (RMY) file derived from World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) station number 957530 for Richmond RAAF. While Richmond is not the closest weather station geographically, it represents the most similar climate to Blacktown NSW. All models were simulated with the same weather file.LOADING LEGEND HAREHOLELE ROOT DIFICE ROOF KRA CHT BOOP SHEETING - ARILATION - SPRINKLERS NOT HOH NATED CH PLAN MALATION AND SERVICES SPRINKLERS NOT NOHHATIO ON PLAN. AWWHER TO BE LE DL AT NUM COS HA - HING CHUNG LIGHTING - HOW ALLOWANCE FOR SOLAR PANELS - OLLA BAT ROOP SHEETIHO THECHURCALL PLANT 3 4 O LL . DOES BEY BLAMET HAL. LOAD CLAN BHT ROOP SHEETING PUL HE NO ALLOWANCE HAS BOTH HADE RDA SOLAR PANELS ON AHAND HO ALLOWANCE HAS BEEN MADE FOR MEALL ATION SERVICES SYPHONC HAN HYDRANT FIN ONESPREMIER HAN WEIGHT ASSUMES HAN ONES ARE FILLED WITH SPRINKLER HIGHTS AWHE HUM SPRELER LATER LINES ARE FILLED WITH WATERPAD FOOTING SCHEDULE MARK SIZE REINFORCEMENT STEEL FIBRE CONCRETE GRADE (MPa) 2F1 1600 x 1600 x 6000 20kg/m' DRAMIX 30 25 PF2 3200 x 2000 x 8000 25kg/m' DRAMIX 50 32 PF3 2800 x 2800 x 8000 25kg/m' DRAMIX 50 32 PF 4 500 x 600 x 4500 20kg/m' DRAMIX 30 25 2F5 2000 x 1000 x 7000 25kg/m' DRAMIX 50 32 PFG 1400 x 1400 x 600D 20kg/m' DRAMIX 30 25 PF7 1800 x 600 x 4000 20kg/m' DRAMIX 30 25 FOUNDATION SCHEDULE MARK SIZE COMMENT(S) STRIP FOOTING SF1 500 DEEP x 600 WIDE 25kg/m' DRAMIX 50 STEEL COLUMN SCHEDULE MARK SIZE COMMENT(S) COLUMN SC1 610 UB 101 200 x 200 x 6.0 SHS SC3 530 UB 82.0 SC4 610 UB 125 530 UB 92.4 SC6 360 UB 44.7 SCT 610 UB 113 SCE 310 UB 32.0 460 UB 74.6 SC10 380 PFC SC11 310 UB 40.4 SC12 250 UB 25.7 SC13 200 x 200 x 5.0 SHS SC14 460 UB 67.1 DOOR COLUMN DC1 200 PFCWAREHOUSE - CONCRETE SLAB SCHEDULE SLAB f'E REINFORCEMENT HAXIMUM MAXIMUM LONG TERM HARK THOCHESS STEEL FIBRE/REINFORCEMENT COVER (mm) SLUMP AGGREGATE HIN. CEMENT COMMENT Ohg/m'] WATER/CEMENT RATIO FLEXURAL STRENGTH SHRINKAGE 51 170 540 30kg/m' DRAMIX 30 65/60 OR 35kg/m' NOVOCON FE1050 100 #/ - 15mm 20mm 300 4.5 MPa AT 56 DAYS 600um AT 56 DAYS 20 0 540 SL82 MESH TOP AND BOTTOM TOP = 40mm 100 #/ - 15mm 20mm 300 148 4.5 MPA AT 56 DAYS 600um AT 56 DAYS BOTTOM = 30mmSTEEL MEMBER SCHEDULE HOW PIC IFCHAN T GET TADA HAH THIWALL SCHEDULE HARK THICKNESS COMMENT(S) CONCRETE WALL CW1 200 N16-200 EF VERTICAL . N12-200 EF HORIZ PRECAST PCPI 150 SL82 MESH CENTRAL PCP2 175 SLBI MESH PLACED CENTRALL + EXTRA BARS AS PER DETAILS ON ORAWIN 506 21 DOCK OFFICE FOUNDATION AND CONCRETE SCHEDULE MARK SIZE COMMENT(S) CONCRETE BEAM DCB1 900 WIDE x 450 DEEP 4N20 TOP & BTM + 3 LEGS N12-300 TIES CONCRETE COLUMN DOC1 200 x 8DO ON16 . N12-200 TIES FOOTING BEAM PAD FOOTING OPF1 1200 x 1200 x 300 DEEP 25kg/m3 DRAMIX 30 DSF1 600 DEEP X GOD WIDE 25kg/3 DRAMIX 30 DOCK OFFICE STEEL MEMBER SCHEDULE HARK SIZE COMMENTIS COLUMN DSC1 100 x 100 x 6.0 SHS DOCK OFFICE WALL BRACING OWBI 89x89x5 05HS PURLIN OPU1 EZ20015 - 1200 CTS 2 ROWS BRIDGING RAFTER DRI 200 UB 22.3 ROOF BRACING ORBI 20 DIA. ROO STRUT OST1 100x 100 5.05HS WINDOW HEADER OWHI 150x150 5.05HS