Qualified plans use various formulas to determine required employer funding. Which of the following are examples of methods used by one or more type of plan for determining employer contributions?

1. Fixed amount or percentage of compensation
2. Recurring and substantial amount that may vary substantially from year to year
3. Actuarial cost calculated on an annual basis
4. Fixed amount for Highly Compensated Employees only

A. 1 and 3

B. 1, 2, and 3

C. 2, 3, and 4

D. All of the above