3. Some U.S. states have enacted laws that allow citizens to carry concealed weapons. These laws are know as "shall-issue" laws because they instruct local authorities to issue a concealed weapons permit to all applicants who are citizens, are mentally competent, and have not been convicted of a felony (some states have some additional restrictions). Proponents argue that if more people carry concealed weapons, crime will decline because criminals are deterred from attacking other people. Opponents argue that crime will increase because of accidental or spontaneous use of the weapon. In this exercise, you will analyze the effect of concealed weapons laws on violent crimes. The dataset guns . xle contains a balanced panel of data from 50 U.S. states plus de District of Columbia for the years 1977 through 1999.' (a) Estimate (1) a regression of In(vio) against shall and (2) a regression of In(vio) against shall, incarc rate, density, avginc, pop, pb1064, pw1064, and pm1029