3. Which inventory management method aims to minimize holding costs by ordering just enough to meet immediate demand? a) Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) b) Just-in-Time (JIT) c) ABC analysis d) Safety stock

4. The process of converting raw materials into finished products is known as: a) Procurement b) Production c) Distribution d) Quality control

5. Which production system is characterized by large batch sizes and a focus on economies of scale? a) Mass production b) Lean production c) Just-in-Time production d) Job shop production

6. Total Quality Management (TQM) focuses on: a) Maximizing efficiency b) Reducing production costs c) Continuous improvement and customer satisfaction d) Increasing product variety

7. Which of the following is NOT a key performance indicator (KPI) used in operations management? a) Return on Investment (ROI) b) On-time delivery performance c) Employee turnover rate d) Market share

8. The process of identifying, analyzing, and mitigating risks in the supply chain is known as: a) Six Sigma b) Quality control c) Risk management d) Lean management

9. What does the acronym ERP stand for in the context of operations management? a) Electronic Resource Planning b) Enterprise Resource Planning c) Efficient Resource Production d) Effective Reporting and Planning

10. The 5S methodology is used for: a) Inventory management b) Workplace organization and cleanliness c) Quality control d) Demand forecasting

11. Which forecasting method involves collecting opinions from experts and stakeholders to predict future demand? a) Exponential smoothing b) Time series analysis c) Delphi method d) Moving averages

12. Which of the following is a key principle of Lean production? a) Minimizing waste b) Maximizing batch sizes c) Increasing work-in-progress inventory d) Reducing automation

13. The process of selecting suppliers, negotiating contracts, and managing supplier relationships is known as: a) Procurement b) Inventory control c) Quality assurance d) Production planning

14. Which inventory management technique classifies items into categories based on their value and criticality? a) EOQ b) JIT c) ABC analysis d) Safety stock

15. A bottleneck in an operation refers to: a) A wide part of the process that slows down production b) A constraint that limits the overall capacity of the process c) A quality control checkpoint d) A highly automated part of the process

16. What is the primary objective of demand forecasting in operations management? a) Minimizing production costs b) Maximizing profit c) Meeting customer demand while minimizing excess inventory d) Reducing lead times

17. Which of the following is NOT a key component of the Six Sigma methodology? a) Define b) Measure c) Plan d) Analyze

18. In operations management, what does the term "lead time" refer to? a) The time it takes to manufacture a product b) The time it takes to deliver a product to the customer c) The time it takes to place an order with a supplier d) The time it takes to inspect a product

19. Which quality management tool is used to identify and prioritize problems or defects? a) Pareto chart b) Fishbone diagram c) Control chart d) Scatter plot

20. Which production scheduling method is based on the philosophy of producing only what is needed, when it is needed? a) Make-to-Stock (MTS) b) Make-to-Order (MTO) c) Engineer-to-Order (ETO) d) Just-in-Time (JIT)

21. The concept of "Single Minute Exchange of Die" (SMED) is related to: a) Quality control b) Quick equipment setup and changeovers c) Inventory management d) Employee training

22. Which of the following is a measure of a product's value to the customer relative to its price? a) Cost-benefit ratio b) Value stream mapping c) Price elasticity d) Value proposition

23. What is the main purpose of a Gantt chart in project management? a) Resource allocation b) Risk analysis c) Time and task visualization d) Cost estimation

24. Which type of quality control chart is used to monitor the number of defects per unit of output? a) P-chart b) C-chart c) R-chart d) X-bar chart

25. What is the primary focus of capacity planning in operations management? a) Maximizing production volume b) Minimizing labor costs c) Matching production capacity with demand d) Reducing machine downtime

26. Which of the following is NOT a common approach to inventory management? a) First-In, First-Out (FIFO) b) Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) c) Weighted Average Cost d) Random Allocation

27. Which quality management methodology uses the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) process? a) Total Quality Management (TQM) b) Lean Six Sigma c) ISO 9001 d) Kaizen

28. What is the primary goal of a Kanban system? a) Maximizing production output b) Minimizing lead times c) Reducing machine downtime d) Controlling inventory levels

29. Which production scheduling method aims to produce small quantities of a wide variety of products with short lead times? a) Mass production b) Batch production c) Custom production d) Cellular manufacturing

30. The concept of "value stream mapping" is often associated with which production philosophy? a) Lean production b) Mass production c) Job shop production d) Custom production