3:42 all 9? Ell X Microeconomicsmorkdocx As the vaccination campaign is in full swing from coast to coast to coast and politicians promise that everyone will be abie to have a rst dOSe by the beginning of the summer, the idea of a vaccination passport is beginning to arouse interest. certainly. but also concerns1. if the idea is attractive. it is of course because of the tangible benetsit promises to vaccinated people. such as access to certain shops that are currently closed or the possibility of travelling abroad more easily. After all. experiments in Spain suggest that it would be possible to hold events. such as concerts, in a safe manner thanks to an adequate protoco! 2. However. the establishment of a large-scale vaccine paSSport system, like a sesame opening the doors of several businesses to some but not to others, raises important questions about the use of condential data and individual freedoms. in addition to operational concerns. Should it be obliga- Figure 1 Quebec Israel toire? How should it be used? What form wouldittake? Are we even in a position to implement such a system? There are many questions and there does not seem to be agreement on mm Biden 3:42 X Microeconomics.work.docx toire? How should it be used? What form wouldittake? Are we even in a position to implement such a system? There are many questions and there does not seem to be agreement on the answers. Moreover, the Biden administration has already closed the door to the introduction of a mandatoryvaccination passport 3. THE ISRAELI EXAMPLE Israel is a world leader in the effectiveness and timeliness of its vaccination campaign 4. As of April 10, 2021, more than 60% of the Israeli population had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, compared to 22% for Quebec (see Figure 1)5. It should be noted that the populations of Quebec and Israel are of a similar size, i.e. 8.6 and 9 million inhabitants respectively.6 If the Israeli state can boast of such success, it is thanks to the up-to-date and reliable medical data that it is able to quickly share with its partner, the pharmaceutical company Pfizer 7. This is how this small Middle Eastern country has become a real laboratory capable of informing the global public about the strengths and weaknesses of vaccines. Sources : Our World in Data, Health, Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19), Vaccinations, Relative to population, accessed April 23, 2021; Government of Canada, Coronavirus (COVID-19), Vaccines, deployment, safety, Number of people vaccinated, Immunization coverage, Figure 1: Cumulative percentage of people who received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine in Canada by province or territory, April 10, 2021, accessed April 23, 2021. It is also because of this wealth of data available to Israel that a vaccine passport, called the "Green Pass", could be set up with speeds. This passport, available on mobile app and paper sup- port, allows Israelis to frequent guests, go to a fitness center or attend outdoorconcerts9. FOR OR AGAINST THE VACCINATION PASSPORT? The literature on the vaccine passport is in full swing. Whatever one's opinion of those who refuse the vaccine, the fact remains that it would be risky for the government to banish them from society and further restrict their freedom to circulate. Beyond the ethical issues, imperatives affecting both health and individual freedoms urge us to find an acceptable path. After all, Le Point - For a decentralized vaccine passport a study published in October 2020 in the prestigious medical scientific journal The Lancet concluded: "It is unethical to restrict freedom unless there is a real risk to others. If we3:42 all 9? Ell X Microeconomics.work.docx .-'>, The Wall Street Journal, 12 mars 2021. Marie-Danielle Smith, >, The Lancet, vol. 21, no 3, mars 2021, p. e61. # Garda World, >, 26 mars 2021.3:42 X Microeconomics.work.docx . Marie-Danielle Smith, . Maclean's, 7 avril 2021. Ditto. 1 Rebecca C. H. Brown, et al., >, The Lancet, vol. 21, no 3, mars 2021, p. e61. * Garda World, >, 7 avril 2021. 12 BBC News, >, 26 mars 2021. Government of Canada, Travel and Tourism, Travelling Abroad, Travel Document, International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, accessed April 23, 2021. M Justin Ling, , Maclean's, 7 avril 2021. 15. Ditto. 1s. Rachel Wilf-Miron, Vicki Myers et Mor Saban, , JAMA, 15 mars 2021, p. E1. Section 2. Following the reading For a decentralized vaccine passport, MEI, April 28, 2021, answer the following questions. (25 points) ">Identify 5 theoretical notions seen in this session through this article and define them using the mandatory manual: EconomicAgents. You must cite the definition of the manual with full references (page, authors, edition, year). The terms defined may be identical or similar to microeconomic theoretical concepts. 5 points 2) Perform a simultaneous game using the theme of vaccination (with or without a passport) and the role of the state. The latter can intervene in the game according to positive or negative externalities, therefore according to incentives or punishments. a) Describe your game (4 points) b) Make your matrix (4 points) cIdentify the outcome of your game while explaining it (2 points) ") Make the same game in sequential form using a decision tree (4 points) .) Explain which player starts this sequential game and why (2 points) Explain the outcome of your sequential game (2 points) g) Would it be possible to modify your sequential game and start the other player? What for? (2 points)