$43.$ Because JCPenney operates in a complex and dynamic environment, its store managers are given significant freedom to run their stores. This indicates that top leaders at JCPenney $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.$

a$.$ centralize decision making

b$.$ deemphasize lower$-$level management training

c$.$ control their managers tightly

d$.$ deemphasize lower$-$level management accountability

e$.$ decentralize authority

$44.$ All of the following are sources of external recruiting except $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.$

a$.$ promotion of a current employee

b$.$ newspaper advertising

c$.$ recruiting on college campuses

d$.$ job and career fairs

e$.$ recommendations from current employees

$45.$ Westinghouse$$s electronics manufacturing unit employs $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$ teams in which the team members are given the authority to make plans for achieving their assigned tasks and performance goals, conduct performance reviews within their own ranks, and take corrective action as needed.

a$.$ cross$-$functional

b$.$ virtual

c$.$ problem$-$solving

d$.$ self$-$managed

e$.$ networked

$46.$ Location, product, function, and customer are common bases for a firm's $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.$

a$.$ span of management

b$.$ job design

c$.$ job specialization

d$.$ chain of command

e$.$ departmentalization

$47.$ If Allegiant Airlines closely evaluates the products and processes of Southwest Airlines with the intent of improving quality among its own products and practices, Southwest is using $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.$

a$.$ SWOT analysis

b$.$ long$-$term strategy

c$.$ partnering strategy

d$.$ benchmarking

e$.$ goal establishment

$48.$ A$($n$)\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$ has been appointed to investigate the pending merger of your company and the Stark Corporation.

a$.$ standing committee

b$.$ task force

c$.$ standing force

d$.$ ad hoc committee

e$.$ grievance committee

$49.$ Suppose DigiSign, makers of LED$-$based digital signage, found that Gina, Jasmine, and Maria could assemble more signage parts than Jorge, Ezra, and Phillip during a shift. Therefore, it decided that the women would be paid a higher hourly wage than the men. This would be legal because $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.$

a$.$ there is a difference in gender of the workers

b$.$ it can demonstrate that there is a difference in performance levels between the women and the men

c$.$ sign assembly falls into a protected category under the Federal Communications Act of $1933$

d$.$ the women are paid more than the men rather than the other way around

e$.$ the Equal Pay Act covers salaries but not wages

$50.$ When MagnaDyne Tech decides to produce a new product line and determines the desired capacity and use of technology, the next step is to $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.$

a$.$ decide how big to build the new factory

b$.$ hire new workers for the facility

c$.$ decide whether to use an existing production facility or build a new one

d$.$ determine which of the company's existing facilities is best suited to produce the new product

e$.$ determine what the magnitude of the conversion process will be