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4. A new medication is being developed to treat severe nausea and vomiting among chemotherapy patients. The information below was generated from a small sample

4. A new medication is being developed to treat severe nausea and vomiting among chemotherapy patients. The information below was generated from a small sample size (n = 11) and shows the number of times a chemotherapy patient vomited both before and after treatment due to the side effects of chemotherapy. Set up and interpret the results of a sign test at the alpha equals .05 level to determine if there is a difference in symptoms before and after treatment.

Chemotherapy Patient

Before Treatment

After Treatment

Difference

Sign

1

9

3

6

+

2

12

5

8

+

3

14

7

7

+

4

9

4

5

+

5

8

2

6

+

6

11

3

8

+

7

15

7

8

+

8

12

8

4

+

9

7

8

-1

-

10

9

5

4

+

11

8

7

1

+

  1. We reject H0 in favor of H1, which states the median difference in the number of vomiting episodes in a day before and after treatment are not equal because 1 is less or equal to the critical value 1 for a sign test with a population of only 11 individuals.
  2. We reject H0 in favor of H1, which states the median difference in the number of vomiting episodes in a day before and after treatment are not equal because 10 is greater or equal to the critical value 1 for a sign test with a population of only 11 individuals.
  3. We fail to reject H0, which states the median difference in the number of vomiting episodes in a day before and after treatment are equal because 1 is less or equal to critical value 1 for a sign test with a population of only 11 individuals.
  4. We fail to reject H0, which states the median difference in the number of vomiting episodes in a day before and after treatment are equal because 10 is greater or equal to the critical value 1 for a sign test with a population of only 11 individuals.

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