$4.$ Solidago operates several US manufacturing facilities, one of which produces fine kitchen knives for home chefs. The standard cost sheet for one of these knives calls for the following:

$0\mathrm{.}5$ pound of high$-$quality steel @ $$15/$pound

$0\mathrm{.}25$ pound of industrial$-$quality titanium @ $$9\mathrm{.}50/$pound

$0\mathrm{.}75$ direct labor hour @ $$51/$hour

During the month of June, Solidago produced $50,000$ knives, which is a new production record. June production consumed $27,000$ pounds of steel at a total cost of $$387,600$ and $12,100$ pounds of titanium at a total cost of $$115,160.$ Production used $27,500$ direct labor hours at a total cost of $$1,200,250.$

Required:

a$.$ Show calculations for the direct materials price variance and the direct materials quantity variance for EACH material.

b$.$ Show calculations for the direct labor rate variance and the direct labor efficiency variance.

c$.$ Supply chain pressures and labor shortages have severely stressed Solidago$$s ability to continue operating. To continue, they will need to pay $$20/$pound for steel and raise their wages to $$57/$hour$.$ How, if at all, should Solidago incorporate this new information into their planning for July production? Production levels for July are expected to be virtually identical to June$$s$.$