$4.$ The company's website experienced a sudden surge in traffic as a result of a DoS attack. With no network redundancy in place, the website became overwhelmed, causing disruptions in service and hindering legitimate customers from accessing the site.

Question:

$1.$ Analyze each of the attacks given above and write a detailed report by identifying the vulnerability exploited, type of the attack and your recommendations that what security measures should the company take to stop any of such attacks in future.