49. In the Granholm v. Heald case, both Michigan and New York statutes regulate marketing of alcoholic beverages through a threetier distribution system requiring producers to sell their products only to state licensed wholesalers who then may sell the products to state licensed retailers for sale to consumers. Both statutes included exemptions. The Michigan law allowed wineries located in Michigan to ship their wine directly to consumers without using the state distribution system. The New York law allowed wineries that produced wine from New York grown grapes to ship directly to consumers and allowed out of state wineries with a physical site ("branch, factory, office or storeroom") in New York to ship their wines directly to New York consumers without using the state distribution system.

The ruling of the court in this case stated that both Michigan and New York:

a.Both states' laws are proper in that they defend instate businesses from out of statecompetition.

b.Both states' laws are in accord with the Commerce Clause, Article 1, section 8 of the U.S. Constitution.

c.Discriminate against interstate commerce and in favor of intrastate commerce.

d.None of the above are correct