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5 . A clinical trial was conducted to determine whether a hormone treatment benefits women who were treated previously for breast cancer. Each subject entered

5. A clinical trial was conducted to determine whether a hormone treatment benefits women who were treated previously for breast cancer. Each subject entered the clinical trial when she had a recurrence. She was then treated by irradiation and assigned to either a hormone therapy group or a control group. The observation of interest is the time until a second recurrence, which may be assumed to follow an exponential distribution with parameter (hormone therapy group) or (control group). Many of the women TABLE 7.2 Breast cancer data. did not have a second recurrence before the clinical trial was concluded, so that their recurrence times are censored. In Table , a censoring time means that a woman was observed for months and did not have a recurrence during that time period, so that her recurrence time is known to exceed months. For example, 15 women who received the hormone treatment suffered recurrences, and the total of their recurrence times is 280 months.

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