5. A total of 600 volunteers who have precancerous skin lesions agree to participate in a medical experiment. Half (or n = 300) of these participants are given a skin cream that includes a large level of sun protection. The other half (or n = 300) are given an inert cream that contains no active ingredients at all. After 7 months, it is observed that those participants who used the cream with the large level of sun protection had fewer new precancerous lesions than those who used the cream with no active ingredients. We would call the cream that contained no active ingredients a A. confounder. B. placebo. C. response variable. D. double-blind factor. E. nonadherer.

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