51. The measurement of the assets and liabilities on the balance sheet also determines the measurement of ______________. A. additional paid-in-capital B. common stock C. retained earnings D. total shareholders equity E. par value

52. Corporate laws within many jurisdictions require that, within _____, firms distinguish between amounts received from owners and amounts generated by operations which the firm has not distributed to owners. A. cash B. shareholders equity C. retained earnings D. paid-in-capital E. par value

53. Many firms disaggregate the initial amounts they received from shareholders for common shares into the _____ and the amounts received in excess of this value, called additional paid-in capital (APIC), share premium, or capital contributed in excess of par value. A. par value of the shares B. nominal value of the shares C. stated value of the shares D. Choices a, b, and c are correct. E. None of these answer choices is correct.

54. Many firms disaggregate the initial amounts they received from shareholders for common shares into the par or nominal or stated value of the shares and the amounts received in excess of this value, called: A. additional paid-in capital (APIC). B. share premium. C. capital contributed in excess of par value. D. Choices a, b, and c are correct. E. None of these answer choices is correct.

55. Which of the following is/are true about amounts received from shareholders for the firms shares when the firm first issued them? A. The firm assigns the par value of a share of stock at an amount it chooses. B. Par values are typically small, often $1 or less per share. C. Par values are rarely equal the amounts the firm receives when it issues the shares. D. The sum of the par value amount and the additional paid-in capital amount is the total amount received from shareholders. E. All of these answers are true.

56. The sum of the par value amount and the additional paid-in capital amount is the total amount received from shareholders for the shares when the firm first issued them. This total amount is also called _____. A. contributed capital B. paid-in capital. C. treasury stock D. Both answer choices a and b are correct. E. None of these answer choices is correct.

57. Any subsequent sale of a firms previously issued common shares from one investor to another (such as occurs on public stock exchanges): A. increases the recorded amounts of shareholders equity. B. decreases the recorded amounts of shareholders equity. C. has as no effect on the recorded amounts of shareholders equity. D. increases or decreases the recorded amounts of shareholders equity depending on the facts and circumstances. E. None of these answer choices is correct.

58. In a rising stock market, the result of any subsequent sale of a firms previously issued common shares from one investor to another (such as occurs on public stock exchanges): A. the total paid-in capital amount reported on a balance sheet will usually be less than the current market value of the common shares. B. the total paid-in capital amount reported on a balance sheet will usually be greater than the current market value of the common shares. C. the total paid-in capital amount reported on a balance sheet will usually be equal to the current market value of the common shares. D. the total paid-in capital amount reported on a balance sheet will be eliminated. E. None of these answer choices is correct.

59. An investor can easily ascertain the _____ of common equity for a given publicly traded firm by looking up the most recent share price (as reported in various online services) and then multiplying this share price times the number of common shares outstanding, as reported on the balance sheet. A. market value B. state value C. par value D. nominal value E. liquidation value

60. _____ measures the net assets generated by a firm from operations exceeding dividends declared. A. Assets B. Liabilities C. Shareholders equity D. Additional Paid-in-Capital E. Retained earnings