Ricinoleic acid (left) is an unusual hydroxyl acid that is a major component of castor seed oil. Although ricinoleic acid isn't common in your lipid membranes, the fatty acid synthase in Ricinus communis produces it preferentially to other fatty acids. Answer the following questions about this fatty acid. HO Ricinoleic acid X = OH or S-CoA X = OH or S-CoA a. Which desaturase(s) would be necessary to produce ricinoleic acid? b. Draw a schematic to show what the saturated fatty acid (left) might look like when it is incorporated into the human cell membrane. {Hint: Make sure to show the fatty acid at the level of atoms and bonds while the remaining part(s) of the membrane can be represented by a cartoon representation.} c. If the unsaturated-hydroxy fatty acid (right) were to be subjected to the B-oxidation pathway, how much energy (in the form of ATP, GTP, CTP, NADH, NADPH, FADH2, and Ac-CoA) would you obtain from 1 molecule? {Hint: Draw the intermediates of the B-oxidation pathway in order to track the metabolites produced.}