6. With the aid of a diagram describe Primary Activities of any value chain of your choice, indicating where and how value is added or cost is reduced to ensure efficiency.

7. Organizations need to find the best competitive position on the market. Customer demand drives strategy formulation in competitive markets. It therefore follows that supply chain strategy is a competitive strategy. Explain what is meant by a competitive strategy and elaborate factors determine the competitiveness of a product or organization.

8. Outsourcing of services has become an important activity in business today. Define Outsourcing. Explain reasons that have been given for organizations deciding to opt for outsourcing and elaborate the problems associated with it.

9. Discuss in detail any five (5) KPIs for a manufacturing company for the downstream supply chain, giving practical examples for any company of your choice in Ghana.

10. Performance management is now recognized as a business-critical function. Explain what is meant by Benchmarking and elaborate on types of benchmarking