7. Epidemiologic studies conducted by Czech scientist gondii were about 2.5 times more likely to exh $1 3101 Introduction to Epidemiology people. This is an example of: A. Coherence Strength of association elf . steering program to be mou effective, at what point in the natural history of the disease should the B. Experiment Biological plausibi disease be detected veeRing ? A in the clinical period, after exposure and before pathological evidence is available Study designs (5 p in the clinical period, after the biological onset the disease. the are symptomatic period, after pathological evidence is available. folle tried, after the usual time of diagnosis of the disease 12. Screening for bilirubin (high bilirubin results in a serious life-threatening condition) in ALL newborns within 24-72 Use the f once a Hours after birth is an example of what type of screening? A. Diagnostic screening Asymptomatic screening Selective screening D. )Mass screening 13. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about case-control studies? The incidence of disease can be determined from a case-control study. conclusions. B. Confounding in a case-control study can be controlled for by matching. Case-control studies are only retrospective studies in nature.) d. Case-control studies are good designs to use when the disease is rare. and c 14. Implementing a disease screening program would only be appropriate if (CHOOSE ONE): a. A licensed counselor immediately provided patients with their results The sensitivity of the screening test was above 99%, . It was able to reach all individuals at risk for the disease People who screened positive had access to follow-up care 15. Indicate which scenario represents an example of selection bias: (a. ) Mothers with children with birth defects were more likely to remember drinking alcohol during pregnancy 1. The average age among the smokers was much higher than among the non-smokers Sick patients were systematically assigned to the experimental group The results from the cohort study among women could not be applied to the whole population Causality (5 points each) Background. Toxoplasmosis is a microbe that infects humans through contact with cat feces and soil. T. gondii causes toxoplasmosis, a disease that can be deadly to the fetus if a pregnant woman becomes infected. Studies have linked T. gondii infection with increased reckless behavior in both humans and animals, and T. gondii may also be a cause of schizophrenia, a serious brain disorder, in patients who test positive for T. gondii. Instructions: Select the causality criterion that BEST describes each example. 16. Within the past 10 years, many independent studies have shown that toxoplasmosis, with a worldwide prevalence traffic and workplace accidents A. Coherence of about 30%, could be indirectly responsible for hundreds of thousands of deaths due to its effects on the rate of Consistency Dose-response D. Replication V2 - Page 4 of 9