7. The effect of taxes MMII and the effect of taxes Debt financing has one important advantage that the early MM propositions ignored: interest on debt is tax deductible. The amount that taxes are reduced because of the use of debt is called the interest tax shield. Consider this case: Suppose Stoler Food Co. had an unlevered value of $90 million. Stoler's marginal tax rate is 34%, and it has $35 million in debt. According to MM's proposition with taxes, what is the levered value of the company? $101.90 million $55.00 million $78.10 million $125.00 million Adding to the discussion regarding the effect of taxes on the firm's value, Miller further discussed the effect of taxes from an investor's perspective. His focus was on the effect of personal taxes and to what extent personal taxes can diminish the benefit of debt financing. He represented the value of a levered firm as: VL = Vu + (1 - (1 -TOXI-TD () According to Miller's theory on the impact of personal taxes, which of the following statements is true? According to Miller, equity financing's advantage over debt financing results from investors' inability to defer the dividend and capital gains income provided by the equity. O Debt financing has an advantage over equity financing because it provides an interest tax shield