1. 78 In 2020, U.S. radio stations generated roughly 9.7 billion U.S. dollars in over-the-air (OTA) revenues, which is lower compared with 12.8 billion in the previous year. Meanwhile, online radio ad revenue took a much softer hit that year despite the impact of the pandemic. Overall, spending on radio advertising has remained fairly steady in North America for over a decade. Even though there is no denying that radio has become a much less appealing advertising medium since the proliferation of the internet, businesses still promote their products and services on local radio stations. But while some still place their bets exclusively on traditional over-the-air (OTT) channels, others have already embraced the digital evolution of radio. Audiences in the U.S. are increasingly listening to their favorite stations online, which is why digital radio advertising revenues keep reaching new heights. In general, the advertising revenues commanded by a radio station depend on the number of listeners it has and the amount of time they listen to radio music. Data shows that the daily time spent listening to the radio has declined in the U.S. for several years, and when asked about the main reasons for consuming less AM/FM radio in a 2021 survey, a large share of respondents from the U.S. and Canada listed lifestyle changes. Facing with the challenge of a decrease in advertising revenue, the manager of a station that plays mostly hard rock music decides to learn more about its listenersmostly teenagers and young adults. In particular, he wants to know whether the amount of time they spend listening to radio music varies by the day of the week. If the manager discovers that the mean time per day is about the same, he will schedule the most popular music evenly throughout the week and prices its ads accordingly. Otherwise, the top hits will be played mostly on the days that attract the greatest audience and price of ads will be set higher on those days. The manager hires an opinion survey company. The company randomly selects 200 teenagers and asks them to record the amount of time spent listening to music on the radio for each day of the previous week. The company's research plan is designed in two phases. In phase 1, the study focuses only on the amount of time listened to radio on Saturday of the previous week and the sample data is summarized in Excel file: Radio_phase1.xlsx. The company wants to get some insight on the following aspects in phase 1:

2 Phase 1: a. A summary of project description b. Identifying the type of data and its characteristics c. Identifying the variable d. Preparing a descriptive statistics for the amount of time listened and its interpretation. Not exceeding one and half pages, addressing the above aspects of the project.

Teenager Time Listened to Radio on Saturday (minutes)

1. 110
2. 100
3. 70
4. 94
5. 78
6. 87
7. 73
8. 125
9. 80
10. 90
11. 112
12. 84
13. 81
14. 82
15. 60
16. 55
17. 91
18. 99
19. 83
20. 64
21. 81
22. 49
23. 108
24. 109
25. 112
26. 61
27. 89
28. 93
29. 64
30. 105
31. 83
32. 53
33. 79
34. 87
35. 60
36. 60
37. 48
38. 49
39. 40
40. 10
41. 94
42. 116
43. 102
44. 87
45. 0
46. 79
47. 6
48. 988
49. 10
50. 107

51 77 52 58 53 86 54 70 55 80 56 78 57 68 58 62 59 81 60 97 61 67 62 117 63 84 64 94 65 94 66 106 67 90 68 84 69 84 70 116 71 99 72 101 73 80 74 101 75 87 76 104 77 87 78 76 79 98 80 74 81 87 82 89 83 100 84 82 85 63 86 69 87 70 88 62 89 75 90 88 91 78 92 97 93 97 94 84 95 87 96 82 97 131 98 64 99 84 100 57 101 26 102 84 103 74 104 109 105 117 106 82 107 90 108 90 109 116 110 106 111 74 112 111 113 84 114 30 115 113 116 70 117 78 118 106 119 104 120 98 121 52 122 74 123 102 124 38 125 90 126 102 127 72 128 78 129 99 130 75 131 46 132 72 133 64 134 58 135 80 136 71 137 73 138 75 139 101 140 72 141 89 142 82 143 68 144 71 145 79 146 63 147 98 148 117 149 69 150 92 151 104 152 111 153 106 154 65 155 112 156 92 157 70 158 44 159 80 160 65 161 119 162 74 163 100 164 81 165 85 166 99 167 69 168 79 169 99 170 54 171 63 172 77 173 120 174 59 175 106 176 110 177 104 178 65 179 75 180 56 181 61 182 72 183 58 184 58 185 94 186 86 187 87 188 130 189 66 190 75 191 61 192 86 193 92 194 53 195 89 196 69 197 84 198 31 199 83 200 120