8, a. what is the difference between DRAM and SRAM in terms of application and characteristics (speed, size and cost)? b. Explain why one type of RAM is considered to be analog and the other digital, c. What are some applications for ROM? d. What are the differences among EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory? e. What is Hamming Error-Correcting Code. How does SDRAM differ from ordinary DRAM? f. Design a 16-bit memory of total capacity 8192 bits using SRAM chips of size 64 1 bit. Give the array configuration of the chips on the memory board showing all required input and output signals for assigning this memory to the lowest address space. The design should allow for both byte and 16-bit word accesses. g. The memory of a particular microcomputer is built from 64K 1 DRAMs. According to the data sheet, the cell array of the DRAM is organized into 256 rows. Each row must be refreshed at least once every 4 ms. Suppose we refresh the memory on a strictly periodic basis. i. What is the time period between successive refresh requests? ii. How long a refresh address counter do we need? 9. a. What are the advantages of using a glass substrate for a magnetic disk? b. How are data written and read onto/from a magnetic disk? c. What common characteristics are shared by all RAID levels? Describe the seven RAID levels with appropriate illustrations. Explain the term striped data. How is redundancy achieved in a RAID system? d. Consider a 4-drive, 200GB-per-drive RAID array. What is the available data storage capacity for each of the RAID levels 0, 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6? d. Consider a single-platter disk with the following parameters: rotation speed: 7200 rpm; number of tracks on one side of platter: 30,000; number of sectors per track: 600; seek time: one ms for every hundred tracks traversed. Let the disk receive a request to access a random sector on a random track and assume the disk head starts at track 0 i. What is the average seek time? ii. What is the average rotational latency? iii. What is the transfer time for a sector? iv. What is the total average time to satisfy a request