8. Build a circuit consisting of a light bulb and a battery (similar to Figure 4.2). Click on the battery and adjust the voltage using the slider. How does varying the voltage affect the light bulb brightness? What do you think is causing this? _ nswer (Q 8 I 9. Using the simulation, build the following three circuits: (a) 1light bulb in series with 1 battery (b) 2 light bulbs in series with 1 battery (c) 3light bulbs in series with 1 battery For each circuit, measure the voltage on one of the light bulbs (it doesn't matter which one) and the current through the battery. Further, for each circuit briefly describe the relative brightness of the light bulbs. Use this information to complete the table below. Include a screen shot of each circuit! Light Bulb Voltage Battery Current Brightness Circuit 9a Predict what would happen to the overall brightness if two more light bulbs were added in series. Circuits This lab covers electric circuits. You will need to complete the activities and questions in this assignment, some of which include attaching screen shots of the interactive simulation. Please answer all questions on this document and submit this via Blackboard. Objectives: 1. Investigate the differences between series and parallel circuits. 2. Predict what will happen when wire and battery properties are changed. Instructions This lab uses an online simulation found at this web site: https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/circuit-construction-kit-dc-virtual-lab 1. Click on the gray \"play\" button to start the simulation. Feel free to play around with all the parts of the simulation. There are some interesting things that you can put in your simulated circuit. The circuit elements are on the left of the screen; you'll primarily need batteries, wires and light bulbs. The measuring instruments are on the right side of the screen. You'll use the voltmeter and the amimeter. 2. Drag out three batteries and the voltmeter. Notice that there are dashed red circles at the end of each battery. By overlapping the dashed circles of two different circuit items you can connect them together. As soon as two dashed circles start to overlap, the simulation will snap them together. Once a connection has been made, the dashed circle turns black (to disconnect the two items click within the black circle). Clicking within the black, dashed circle will bring up a scissor icon which you can click to break the connection. In Figure 4.1 the top two batteries are not connected. The 3. Use the voltmeter to measure Show Current Electrons voltage (the voltmeter probes Conventional Labels go on opposite ends of the Values Battery batteries or whatever else you want to measure). The tip of the voltage probes (one is red Light Bulb Wire Resistivity 0.90 A and the other is black) must be Resistor within the dashed red circle in Battery Resistance order to make a measurement. Switch Use the ammeter to measure Voltage 9.00 V current. When you drag the ammeter into the simulation notice that it has a red, dashed circle at either end. This indicates that the ammeter Battery Voltage must be part of the circuit. The voltmeter can be moved in and out of the circuit without affecting anything. The ammeter is different because it 1st battery must be a part of the circuit. Removing the ammeter requires breaking connections, removing the voltmeter does not. Real life voltmeters and 2nd battery ammeters work similarly. 3rd battery 4. Measure the voltage of each battery to make sure that each battery is set to 9 volts. You can change the battery voltage by clicking on the battery. 1+ 2 Now measure the voltage of two batteries in series (1+2 in the table) and then three batteries in series (1+2+3 in the table). Record your data in the table below 1 + 2+ 3 Figure 4.2: Light bulb in series with a battery. The voltmeter is measuring the voltage of the battery and the ammeter is measuring the current. 5. How is the voltage related to the number of batteries in series? What could be causing this?6. Repeat Step 4 but this time measure the voltage of two batteries in parallel (1 + 2 in the table) and then three batteries in parallel (1 + 2 + 3 in the table). Remember that circuit elements in parallel are arranged like rungs of a ladder. In Figure 4.3 two resistors and a battery are in parallel. For these two measurements, keep the voltmeter on the same battery, just add more batteries in parallel. Rl i Figure 4.3: Example of a parallel circuit: two resistors and a battery in a parallel configuration. 7. How is the voltage related to the number of batteries in parallel? What could be causing this? 8. Build a circuit consisting of a light bulb and a battery (similar to Figure 4.2). Click on the battery and adjust the voltage using the slider. How does varying the voltage affect the light bulb brightness? What do you think is causing this? _ nswer (Q 8 I 9. Using the simulation, build the following three circuits: (a) 1light bulb in series with 1 battery (b) 2 light bulbs in series with 1 battery (c) 3light bulbs in series with 1 battery For each circuit, measure the voltage on one of the light bulbs (it doesn't matter which one) and the current through the battery. Further, for each circuit briefly describe the relative brightness of the light bulbs. Use this information to complete the table below. Include a screen shot of each circuit! Light Bulb Voltage Battery Current Brightness Circuit 9a Predict what would happen to the overall brightness if two more light bulbs were added in series