8. Regarding the size of the sample, which of the following is NOT correct?

a. In a superiority study, we must estimate the magnitude of the effect, to calculate the number of cases, taking into account that the objective is to demonstrate a difference. b. If in a study, in the analysis phase, we detect that more patients would be necessary; the solution is to expand the estimated number, as long as it does not exceed the initial ene by 20%. c. In a non-inferiority study we must estimate the so-called delta value, which will imply that if the difference between the compared treatments is not greater than said value, we can conclude that the tested treatment is not worse than the comparator. d. It makes sense to estimate the possible losses, to justify them in the protocol and to take them into account when calculating the sample size.

20. Which of the following statements about Surrogate Result Variables is NOT true

a. They are intermediate variables that do not measure the effects of treatment directly on final clinical outcomes that are relevant. b. They provide less relevant direct evidence than studies using final clinical outcomes. c. They measure results that usually appear later than the clinical outcomes of greatest interest. d. They are surrogate markers that (supposedly) predict direct clinical outcome in the patient.

30. Which of the following guidelines specifically refers to the description of the intervention evaluated in a research study?

a. CONSORT b. TIDieR c. STROBE d. squire

28. Which of the following would be a reason to improve the reporting of a research study?

a. To allow the reader to assess the validity of the study results. b. To allow the reader to assess the clinical relevance of the study results. c. All before this are true. d. To allow the reader, if he deems it appropriate, to reproduce the study.

22. Which of the following is NOT a criterion for interpreting a combined variable

a. That the effect observed with the treatment is reasonably homogeneous or similar in the individual components. b. That the frequency observed in the individual events in the control group is reasonably similar. c. That individual components are not included where competitive risks exist. d. That the individual components all have a similar clinical importance.

Please answer correctly and fastly otherwise please leave it to others