8. Using the allowance method, is bad debt expense recognized in (a) the period in which sales related to the uncollectible amounts were made or (b) the period in which the seller learns that the customer is unable to pay? 9. Does a decrease in the receivables turnover ratio generally indicate faster or slower collection of receivables? Explain. 10. Contrast the effects of weighted average versus FIFO on reported assets, specifically on earnings before income taxes, when (a) prices are rising and (b) prices are falling. 11. Contrast the effects of weighted average versus FIFO on cash outflow and inflow. 12. Briefly explain the application of the LC&NRV concept to the ending inventory and its effect on the statement of earnings and statement of financial position when the net realizable value of inventory is lower than cost. 13. Define goodwill. When is it appropriate to record goodwill as an intangible asset?