8,706 Installed capacity is the maximum instantaneous power that a power plant can produce and is expressed in megawatts (MW), while the total electricity they actually generate over a period of time is expressed in megawatt hours (MWh). The efficiency of a plant is the percentage of the total energy content of a power plant's fuel that is converted into electricity. Heat rate is a term commonly used in power stations to indicate the power plant efficiency. It is the inverse Gross Installed Capacity (MW) of the efficiency, in which a lower heat rate is better. 12,000 11,126 Heat rate in the context of power plants can be thought 10,000 of as the input needed to produce one unit of output. It generally indicates the amount of fuel required to 6,000 5,028 4,000 generate one unit of electricity. Given that, a 100% 2,000 efficiency implies equal input and output for 1 kWh of output (this thermal energy input of 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ = (Gas) (Biomass) 3,412 BTU). The figure and table below show the In operation + In pipeline in operation gross installed capacity and heat rate of Gulf in each type of power plant 8,000 3,406 2,394 1,622 25 Total IPP SPP SPP Heat rate Units :ckilowatt per hour kWh 2017 2018 GJP1 2IPPS 6989 7061 GJP2 7SPPS 7700 7685 GMP 12SPP's 7479 7415 2019 6955 7682 7407 According to the explanation above, which type of power plant (GJP1-2 independent power plants; GJP:7 small power plants; or GMP:12 small power plants) is the most perform in term of power plant efficiency and productivity? Why? What action plan will you suggest to the Operation Manager to increase the performance? Please explain to support your answer. (10 marks) In April 2018, Gulf expanded its investments overseas for the first time, starting in the CLMV (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam) area with investments in solar power projects and wind power projects totaling 460 megawatts in a joint venture with a large corporation in Vietnam. Following this, in October 2018, the Company also invested in a 326-megawatt gas-fired power project in Oman, in a joint venture with a company owned by the Omani government. These additional investments have increased Gulf's renewable energy portfolio to 4% of total power project capacity and have increased the total installed generating capacity of the Company's investments to 11,910 megawatts as of the end of 2018. an 1863 Power Generation Renewable Energy Gas Business 11,910 MW New Business (subject to liberalisation of the gas industry) 11,426 MW 484 MW Existing Projects Thailand . GJP (4.237 MW) . GMP (1,563 MW) IPD (5,300 MW) - DIPWP (326 MW) Guil Solar (0,6 MW) GCG (25 MW) Solar (149 MW) Wind (310 MW) - Natural Gas Distribution (4,000,000 mmblu/vear) LNG terminal Vietnam Oman - LNG-to-power (5,000 MW) - Hydro . Projects Currently Studying Gulf made significant strides in expanding the business both domestically and internationally. As the company moves forward with exploring opportunities for growth to secure greater value creation to the shareholders, Gulf continue to uphold their commitment to successfully completing all projects in the pipeline to the highest standard. A priority to achieve these successes is to strictly adherence to international industry standards for financing and operations, as well as a strong commitment to social and environmental responsibility. 6. Based on the descriptions above and all the analyses in this exam paper, which competitive advantage strategies would best describe Gulf's strategy? Why? Please explain to support your answer. (10 marks) 7. Based on the descriptions above and all the analyses in this exam paper, would Gulf be better described as a global firm, multidomestic firm, or transnational firm? What is it different among each type of global operations strategy? Please explain to support your answer. (10 marks) Currently, the household is demanding for renewable energy installation for its resident. The most suitable form is solar power photovoltaic (PV) installations. Gulf's consultant and contractor are now summarizing the project management for 100 kW rooftop PV installation for the household customer. Both of them had laid out the nine major activities involved. These activities have been labeled A through I in the following table. The table also shows their estimated completion times in days) and immediate predecessors. Duration (days) 100 kW rooftop PV installation Immediate Activity Description Predecessors Planning installment project A Design and engineer B Obtain permits A Procure materials A Structural installation D Install roof attachments B,C E Assemble racking D Electrical installation 5 5 6 3 2 3 F Install PV modules E G Install de wiring F 3 H Install ac system B 7 I Commission and inspect G.H 3 Project Complete Milestone Please help them to determine the critical path for the solar installation together with the expected completion time for the total project. HTQT 8. Draw a complete AON network for 100 kW rooftop PV installation in the providing space. (10 marks) weeks. The expected project length is The critical path for 100 kW rooftop installation is Activity Time EF LS ES LF SLACK ACTIVITY B D E F G I 9. Create ES -EF Gantt chart for 100 kW rooftop PV installation project in the providing space. 10. Refer to previous question, Solar panels have become most renewable energy choice for household. This renewable energy is an outstanding investment for many people too. It offers a raft of benefits to both commercial properties and residential homes; however, nothing is foolproof. After providing number of 100 kW rooftop PV installation to customers, Gulf has received number of complaints from the customer and they became irritated. As such, Mr. Worapong Vivatanavanich. Chief Operating Officer, would like the operations management team to study the problem. Over the two weeks of data collection on the most common problems affecting solar panels installation, team has summarized the occurrence into the following table: Common problems Delamination and internal corrosion Electrical issues Micro-cracks Hot spots (when panels get too warm and overload) Potential Induced Degradation effect Birds Snail trails contamination Roof issues Inverter problems Concurrencies 55 74 65 125 55 34 78 15 92 10.1 Perform a Pareto analysis from the data collected by the operations team on the frequency of common problems of solar rooftop installation. (7 marks) 10.2 Explain your finding to the 80/20 rules and indicates which is/are the main significant(s) that create complaints from the customers who installed for 10kW rooftop PV installation. What will you suggest for the improvement plan? Why? (3 marks) 8,706 Installed capacity is the maximum instantaneous power that a power plant can produce and is expressed in megawatts (MW), while the total electricity they actually generate over a period of time is expressed in megawatt hours (MWh). The efficiency of a plant is the percentage of the total energy content of a power plant's fuel that is converted into electricity. Heat rate is a term commonly used in power stations to indicate the power plant efficiency. It is the inverse Gross Installed Capacity (MW) of the efficiency, in which a lower heat rate is better. 12,000 11,126 Heat rate in the context of power plants can be thought 10,000 of as the input needed to produce one unit of output. It generally indicates the amount of fuel required to 6,000 5,028 4,000 generate one unit of electricity. Given that, a 100% 2,000 efficiency implies equal input and output for 1 kWh of output (this thermal energy input of 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ = (Gas) (Biomass) 3,412 BTU). The figure and table below show the In operation + In pipeline in operation gross installed capacity and heat rate of Gulf in each type of power plant 8,000 3,406 2,394 1,622 25 Total IPP SPP SPP Heat rate Units :ckilowatt per hour kWh 2017 2018 GJP1 2IPPS 6989 7061 GJP2 7SPPS 7700 7685 GMP 12SPP's 7479 7415 2019 6955 7682 7407 According to the explanation above, which type of power plant (GJP1-2 independent power plants; GJP:7 small power plants; or GMP:12 small power plants) is the most perform in term of power plant efficiency and productivity? Why? What action plan will you suggest to the Operation Manager to increase the performance? Please explain to support your answer. (10 marks) In April 2018, Gulf expanded its investments overseas for the first time, starting in the CLMV (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam) area with investments in solar power projects and wind power projects totaling 460 megawatts in a joint venture with a large corporation in Vietnam. Following this, in October 2018, the Company also invested in a 326-megawatt gas-fired power project in Oman, in a joint venture with a company owned by the Omani government. These additional investments have increased Gulf's renewable energy portfolio to 4% of total power project capacity and have increased the total installed generating capacity of the Company's investments to 11,910 megawatts as of the end of 2018. an 1863 Power Generation Renewable Energy Gas Business 11,910 MW New Business (subject to liberalisation of the gas industry) 11,426 MW 484 MW Existing Projects Thailand . GJP (4.237 MW) . GMP (1,563 MW) IPD (5,300 MW) - DIPWP (326 MW) Guil Solar (0,6 MW) GCG (25 MW) Solar (149 MW) Wind (310 MW) - Natural Gas Distribution (4,000,000 mmblu/vear) LNG terminal Vietnam Oman - LNG-to-power (5,000 MW) - Hydro . Projects Currently Studying Gulf made significant strides in expanding the business both domestically and internationally. As the company moves forward with exploring opportunities for growth to secure greater value creation to the shareholders, Gulf continue to uphold their commitment to successfully completing all projects in the pipeline to the highest standard. A priority to achieve these successes is to strictly adherence to international industry standards for financing and operations, as well as a strong commitment to social and environmental responsibility. 6. Based on the descriptions above and all the analyses in this exam paper, which competitive advantage strategies would best describe Gulf's strategy? Why? Please explain to support your answer. (10 marks) 7. Based on the descriptions above and all the analyses in this exam paper, would Gulf be better described as a global firm, multidomestic firm, or transnational firm? What is it different among each type of global operations strategy? Please explain to support your answer. (10 marks) Currently, the household is demanding for renewable energy installation for its resident. The most suitable form is solar power photovoltaic (PV) installations. Gulf's consultant and contractor are now summarizing the project management for 100 kW rooftop PV installation for the household customer. Both of them had laid out the nine major activities involved. These activities have been labeled A through I in the following table. The table also shows their estimated completion times in days) and immediate predecessors. Duration (days) 100 kW rooftop PV installation Immediate Activity Description Predecessors Planning installment project A Design and engineer B Obtain permits A Procure materials A Structural installation D Install roof attachments B,C E Assemble racking D Electrical installation 5 5 6 3 2 3 F Install PV modules E G Install de wiring F 3 H Install ac system B 7 I Commission and inspect G.H 3 Project Complete Milestone Please help them to determine the critical path for the solar installation together with the expected completion time for the total project. HTQT 8. Draw a complete AON network for 100 kW rooftop PV installation in the providing space. (10 marks) weeks. The expected project length is The critical path for 100 kW rooftop installation is Activity Time EF LS ES LF SLACK ACTIVITY B D E F G I 9. Create ES -EF Gantt chart for 100 kW rooftop PV installation project in the providing space. 10. Refer to previous question, Solar panels have become most renewable energy choice for household. This renewable energy is an outstanding investment for many people too. It offers a raft of benefits to both commercial properties and residential homes; however, nothing is foolproof. After providing number of 100 kW rooftop PV installation to customers, Gulf has received number of complaints from the customer and they became irritated. As such, Mr. Worapong Vivatanavanich. Chief Operating Officer, would like the operations management team to study the problem. Over the two weeks of data collection on the most common problems affecting solar panels installation, team has summarized the occurrence into the following table: Common problems Delamination and internal corrosion Electrical issues Micro-cracks Hot spots (when panels get too warm and overload) Potential Induced Degradation effect Birds Snail trails contamination Roof issues Inverter problems Concurrencies 55 74 65 125 55 34 78 15 92 10.1 Perform a Pareto analysis from the data collected by the operations team on the frequency of common problems of solar rooftop installation. (7 marks) 10.2 Explain your finding to the 80/20 rules and indicates which is/are the main significant(s) that create complaints from the customers who installed for 10kW rooftop PV installation. What will you suggest for the improvement plan? Why