9:16 K Correctionaladministration V Correctional Association, 2007), pp. 4-11 to 4-12. Publications, 2013). 22. Hickman, "Politics, Power, the Press and Prisons," pp. 47-48. PART FOUR MANAGING PRISONS 12 Managing Security in Prisons LEARNING OBJECTIVES After reading this chapter, you should be able to: 1. Describe the evolution of prison design from the separate system to campus style podular designs using direct supervision. 2. Explain the various layers of physical security used in prisons, and the purpose of each one. 3. Summarize how physical security and classification levels of prisons are matched. 4. Understand how each of the three elements to effective policy and procedure operate. and how policy and procedure contributes to security within a prison. 5. List and describe at least four approaches to inmate accountability. 6. Compare and contrast direct and casual supervision of inmates. 7. Recognize the various approaches to controlling contraband in a prison. 8. Identify the purpose of inmate discipline and the various steps in the inmate disciplinary process. 9. Give examples of prison gang control strategies. 10. Explain how both environmental factors and precipitating events can lead to inmate disorder and riots. 1 1. Describe the use of the three emergency response teams in responding to an inmate issue. INTRODUCTION What, in a prison. can be more basic and essential than maintaining security? An often- stated saying in a prison is "24-7." referring to the fact that prisons are operational twenty- four hours per day, seven days per week. Inmates must live in the prison and endure the environment twenty-four hours per day, seven days per week. Staff usually work only forty hours per week, but still relate to 24-7 as they understand that the environment during the time they are there is impacted by events that occur in the prison at any other time. If there is a breakdown in security or a conflict between two inmate groups on a Sunday at 8:00 P.M., the staff working the "day-watch" on Monday may have to deal with the results of that breakdown or conflict. In every sense, maintaining prison security is a 24-7 responsibility. What are the key elements for managing security within a prison? There are no simple solutions to how to maintain safety and security. and it is getting more difficult to do so. 291