• A $1 tax is applied to gasoline suppliers per gallon of gasoline sold.

a. Draw a supply and demand graph that demonstrates what happens to the market with a tax. Include and label: original demand (D) and supply (S) curves, original equilibrium price (P*) and quantity (Q*), as well as the new demand (D') or supply (S') curve, new price consumers see (Pc), new price suppliers receive (Ps), and new quantity sold (Q') as a result of the tax. Label: the area that represents the government revenue as a result of the tax (REV), the dead weight loss (DWL) that results from the tax, and the new consumer surplus (CS) and producer surplus (PS) with the tax.

b. If gasoline demand is more inelastic than gasoline supply, will consumers or suppliers pay for more of the tax?

• Concerned about the health of low-income families, government officials are considering two alternative plans to help provide access to health care.

Health Insurance Subsidy (HIS):This plan would provide families a 50% tax credit for each dollar spent on health insurance. In effect, a dollar's worth of insurance would now cost families only 50 cents.

Insurance Vouchers (IV):This plan would give each family a $200 voucher that could be applied to the cost of health insurance. The vouchers have no cash value, so they cannot be used for any expenditure other than health insurance.

You have been asked to evaluate the effect of this plan on a typical low-income family. Government data shows that such a family has a monthly income of $2,000, and that these families spend $300 per month on health insurance.

a.)Draw a budget constraint and indifference curve for the typical family before either policy is chosen. The y-axis should be money to spend on other consumption, and the x- value is money to spend on health insurance. Be sure to label the endpoints of the budget constraint, as well as spending on insurance and other consumption chosen by this family.

b.)Now, consider the effect of the insurance subsidy on a typical family's budget constraint. On the graph below, please reproduce your budget constraint from part (a), then add the budget constraint that results from the HIS tax credit and label it.

c.)Next, consider the effect of the insurance voucher (IV) on a typical family's budget constraint. On the graph below, reproduce your diagram from part (b), then add the budget constraint that results from the IV voucher and label it.

d.)Assuming preferences don't change, fill in the table below that shows how much the family would pay for $300 worth of insurance without either policy, with the HIS policy, and with the IV policy. Also calculate how much the government pays the family in each case, and the total cost of the insurance. (Hint:Calculate how much oftheir own incomefamilies must spend to get $300 worth of insurance under the HIS and IV plans, then how much the government gives that family).