1. A ² test for independence is conducted to determine a potential association between two categorical variables. The resulting p-value is 0.004; which of the following statements is true?
   1. It should be concluded that there is a statistically significant relationship between the variables.
   2. It should be concluded that here is not a statistically significant relationship between the variables.
   3. A ² test for independence is not an appropriate for this situation.
   4. A conclusion cannot be made based on the p-value.