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A 2011 article published in the Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment reports the results of a randomized clinical trialdesigned to assess the effects of acupuncture

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A 2011 article published in the Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment reports the results of a randomized clinical trialdesigned to assess the effects of acupuncture on anxiety related to withdrawal from psychoactive drugs. As per the abstract: (you may recall this article from Homework 1 of Statistical Concepts 1 "Auricular acupuncture (AA) is a widely accepted treatment option for substance abuse that is used in more than 700 treatment centers worldwide. Despite claims of perceived clinical benefits by patients and treatment staff, research efforts have failed to substantiate purported benefits, and the mechanism(#) by which AA server in the treatment of addiction remain Inconclusive. Numerous studies have shown AA to be an effective treatment for perioperative anxiety. In this study, we hypothesize that AA reduces the anxiety associated with withdrawal from psychoactive drugs. The study used a randomized, controlled design and included a sample of 101 patients recruited from an addiction treatment service. Subjects were assigned to one of three treatment groups [National Acupuncture Detoxification Association [NADA] AA, AA at sham points, or treatment setting control) and were instructed to attend treatment sessions for 3 days. The primary outcome measure state anxiety was asacased using a protest-poottest treatment design. "The following boxplots (Figure 4 in the article) show the main results from this study: (higher anxiety scores indicate higher anxiety) NADA Sham Relaxation 8 R State Andty score State Anxiety scorn State Arciety score Based on the boxplots, what conclusion can you make about the efficacy of acupuncture on anxiety reduced as compared to the other two groups? a, Acupuncture Is clearly better than the other approaches with regards to lowering anxiety. b. Acupuncture is clearly worse than the other approaches with regards to lowering anxiety. C. Acupuncture is clearly worse than sham acupuncture, but better than relaxation therapy, with regards to lowering anxiety. d. There does not appear to any advantage or disadvantages of acupuncture for treating anxiety in this population , compared to cham acupuncture or relaxation

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