(a) Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the below FOUR (4) budgeting systems.

i) Modified Budgeting System (MBB)

ii) Traditional Budgeting System (TBS)

iii) Outcome Based Budgeting (OBB)

iv) Program and Performance Budgeting System (PPBS)

(8 marks)

(b) The Malaysian government aims to reduce the deficit in budget due to expenditure commitment by the previous administration (Star, 2 Nov 2018). Recommend THREE (3) initiatives to the government on how to tackle the problem.

(9 marks)