A bicycle manufacturer currently produces 352,000 units a year and expects output levels to remain steady in the future. It buys chains from an outside supplier at a price of $2.10 a chain. The plant manager believes that it would be cheaper to make these chains rather than buy them. Direct in-house production costs are estimated to be only $ 1.50 per chain. The necessary machinery would cost $203,000 and would be obsolete after ten years. This investment could be depreciated to zero for tax purposes using a ten-year straight-line depreciation schedule. The plant manager estimates that the operation would require $48,000of inventory and other working capital upfront (year 0), but argues that this sum can be ignored since it is recoverable at the end of the ten years. Expected proceeds from scrapping the machinery after ten years are $15,225. If the company pays tax at a rate of 35% and the opportunity cost of capital is 15%. what is the net present value of the decision to produce the chains in-house instead of purchasing them from the supplier?

Project the annual free cash flows (FCF ) of buying the chains. The annual free cash flows for years 1 to 10 of buying the chains is $480,480.

Compute the NPV of buying the chains from the FCF.

The NPV of buying the chains from the FCF is (PLEASE SHOW STEP BY STEP EXPLANATION)

(Round to the nearest dollar. Enter a negative NPV as a negative number.)