A bicycle manufacturer currently produces

398 comma 000398,000

units a year and expects output levels to remain steady in the future. It buys chains from an outside supplier at a price of

$ 1.90$1.90

a chain. The plant manager believes that it would be cheaper to make these chains rather than buy them. Direct in-house production costs are estimated to be only

$ 1.60$1.60

per chain. The necessary machinery would cost

$ 256 comma 000$256,000

and would be obsolete after ten years. This investment could be depreciated to zero for tax purposes using a ten-year straight-line depreciation schedule. The plant manager estimates that the operation would require

$ 56 comma 000$56,000

of inventory and other working capital upfront (year 0), but argues that this sum can be ignored since it is recoverable at the end of the ten years. Expected proceeds from scrapping the machinery after ten years are

$ 19 comma 200$19,200.

If the company pays tax at a rate of

35 %35%

and the opportunity cost of capital is

15 %15% ,

what is the net present value of the decision to produce the chains in-house instead of purchasing them from the supplier?

Project the annual free cash flows

(FCF )

of buying the chains.