A colonoscopy is a screening test for colon cancer and is recommended as a routine test for adults over age 50. One study provides some evidence that this test saves lives. The proportion of people with colon polyps expected to die from colon cancer is 0.01. 2586 people who had polyps removed after colonoscopy detection were followed for 20 years; 15 of them died from colon cancer. We want to assess the strength of evidence that the proportion of people who die from colon cancer after post-colonoscopy removal of polyps is less than the expected proportion of 0.01. The figure below shows a randomization distribution of proportions for this test.

0.0058 0.0100