A company wishes to create a trust fund through a savings plan with either annual or monthly deposits under an APR of 5% over 30 years. During that time, the company has the following cash flows: a 300.000 discount bond it holds matures in 15 years, an employment retirement scheme of annual cost of 50.000 between the 10th and 30th year (20y duration), raw material expenditure of 30.000 at years 1, 3, 4, 7, 9 and 11. The companys cash reserves are 500.000. The trust fund will engage in charities over 20 years, starting immediately after the end of the savings plan. The charity donations are annual, 230.000 each and will take place at the end of each year, i.e. the last deposit for the savings plan takes place at the end of year 30 and the first donation at the end of year 31. After 20 years, the trust fund is depleted and made redundant.

(i) When is the company indifferent between the two savings schemes and what are the monthly/ annual payments at indifference? (ii) Focusing on the trust fund only, are there tax shields if the tax rate is 20%? If no, explain. If yes, explain and calculate their total value at the start of the trust fund