A Corporation's reconciliation of statutory and effective tax rates is given below:

Non$-$recurring or unusual items are:

a$.$ # $3,$ # $4,$# $6,$ # $8$

b$.$ # $6,$ # $8$

c$.$ # $4,$ # $6,$ # $8$

d$.$# $4,$# $6,$# $8,$# $9$

e$.$ None of the aboveA Corporation$$s reconciliation of statutory and effective tax rates is given below:

#

Reconciliation to U$.$S$.$ Statutory Rate

$2020$

$2019$

$2018$

Statutory U$.$S$.$ federal income tax rate $(\%)$

$21\mathrm{.}0$

$21\mathrm{.}0$

$21\mathrm{.}0$

$1$

Equity earning effect

$0\mathrm{.}2$

$1\mathrm{.}3$

$(1\mathrm{.}0)$

$2$

Foreign income taxed at rates other than the statutory U$.$S$.$ tax rate

$2\mathrm{.}8$

$3\mathrm{.}4$

$(5\mathrm{.}2)$

$3$

U$.$S$.$ tax effect of foreign earnings and dividends

$(3\mathrm{.}3)$

$(4\mathrm{.}3)$

$(3\mathrm{.}4)$

$4$

Acquisitions, divestitures, and ownership restructuring activities

$30\mathrm{.}3$

$6\mathrm{.}2$

$5$

Foreign Exchange gains$/$losses

$(0\mathrm{.}1)$

$(4\mathrm{.}4)$

$0\mathrm{.}9$

$6$

Impact of Enactment of U$.$S$.$ Tax Reform

$10\mathrm{.}8$

$(0\mathrm{.}5)$

$7$

State and local income taxes

$2\mathrm{.}0$

$(2\mathrm{.}1)$

$4\mathrm{.}1$

$8$

Goodwill impairments

$(22\mathrm{.}7)$

$(51\mathrm{.}2)$

$9$

Stock$-$based compensation

$(0\mathrm{.}3)$

$0\mathrm{.}1$

$(1\mathrm{.}4)$

Effective tax rate

$(0\mathrm{.}4)$

$4\mathrm{.}9$

$20\mathrm{.}7$

Non$-$recurring or unusual items are:

a$.$

# $3,$ # $4,$ # $6,$ # $8$

b$.$

# $6,$ # $8$

c$.$

# $4,$ # $6,$ # $8$

d$.$

# $4,$ # $6,$ # $8,$ # $9$

e$.$

None of the above