A farmer is concerned that a change in fertilizer to an organic variant might change his crop yield. He subdivides 6 lots and uses the old fertilizer on one half of each lot and the new fertilizer on the other half. The following table shows the results. (You may find it useful to reference the appropriate table: z table or t table)

Lot	Crop Yield Using Old Fertilizer	Crop Yield Using New Fertilizer
1	10	12
2	11	10
3	10	13
4	9	9
5	12	11
6	11	12

Let the difference be defined as Old New.

a. Specify the competing hypotheses that determine whether there is any difference between the average crop yields from the use of the different fertilizers.

• H₀: _D 0; H_A: _D > 0

• H₀: _D = 0; H_A: _D 0

• H₀: _D 0; H_A: _D < 0

b. Assuming that differences in crop yields are normally distributed, calculate the value of the test statistic. (Negative value should be indicated by a minus sign. Round intermediate calculations to at least 4 decimal places and your final answer to 2 decimal places.)

c. Find the p-value.

• p-value < 0.01

• 0.01 p-value < 0.025

• 0.025 p-value < 0.05

• 0.05 p-value < 0.10

• p-value 0.10

d. Is there sufficient evidence to conclude that the crop yields are different? Should the farmer be concerned?

YES/NO, At the 5% significance level, the crop yield with the new fertilizer IS NOT/IS significantly different from the crop yield with the old fertilizer. There is NO NEED/NEED for the farmer to be concerned