A foreign subsidiary was acquired on January 1, 2018. Determine the exchange rate used to restate the following accounts at December 31, 2018. Land was purchased on October 1, 2018. Relevant exchange dates follow:

(A) January 1, 2018

(B) October 1, 2018

(C) December 31, 2018

(D) Average, 2018

(E) Composite, using multiple dates.

Identify the exchange rate used to translate items 1-5 when the functional currency is the foreign currency:

1. Land.
2. Equipment.
3. Bonds payable.
4. Common stock.
5. Retained earnings.

Identify the exchange rate used to remeasure the items 6-10 when the functional currency is the U.S. dollar:

1. Land.
2. Equipment.
3. Bonds payable.
4. Common stock.
5. Retained earnings.