a) Levine (2005) suggests a pre-qualification process for selecting projects for the portfolio, guiding the preparation of project proposals. This process is based on a pre-qualification template, which would vary for each of the following types of project: maintenance or utility projects; growth or enhancement projects; and transformation projects. Describe three criteria that could be considered in the pre- qualification template and characterize each of the three types of project mentioned above. [9 marks] b) For the projects that have made the pre-qualification cut, senior managers need processes to select and prioritise such projects. These processes might be a ranking of value and benefits; an appraisal of risk (in achieving these benefits); an assessment of resource availability and allocation; and an idea of an optimum or acceptable size of the project pipeline. Choose two of these processes and explain a method and/or criteria that can be used for each of these processes. [6 marks] c) Identify two problems that may occur when managing multiple projects in an organisation. [5 marks]