A lot of 100 semiconductor chips contains 20 that are defective. Two are selected randomly, without replacement, from the lot.

a. What is the probability that the first one selected is defective?

b. What is the probability that the second one selected is defective given that the first one was defective?

c. What is the probability that both are defective?

d. How does the answer to (b) change if chips selected were replaced prior to the next selection?

(use format 0.nn where nn are decimal places e.g. if your answer is 1/10, place 0.10 in the provided space below)