A manufacturer incurs the following costs: $38,000 developing new techniques that will be put in place shortly to cut production cost: $27,000 researching a new process to improve the quality of the standard product and $8,000 on market research into the commercial viability of a new type of product. It is company policy to capitalize costs whenever permitted by IAS38 Intangible Assets. How much should be charged as research and development expenditure in profit or loss