A manufacturer of printing inks has five manufacturing plants (US, Germany, Japan, Brazil, India) worldwide. Their locations and capacities are shown in Table 1 along with the cost of producing 1 ton of ink at each facility. The production costs are in the local currency of the country where the plant is located. The major markets for the inks are North America, South America, Europe, Japan, and the rest of Asia. Demand at each market is shown in Table 2. Transportation costs from each plant to each market in U.S. dollars are shown in Table 1. Management must come up with a production plan. Anticipated exchange rates are shown in Table 3. One constraint is that no plant can run below 60 percent of capacity.

Table 1: Capacity, Production, and Transportation Costs

Transportation costs (US$)	North America	South America	Europe	Japan	Asia	Capacity Tons/Year	Production Cost/Ton
United States	600	1,200	1,300	2,000	1,700	185	10,000	US$
Germany	1,300	1,400	600	1,400	1,300	475	15,000	marks
Japan	2,000	2,100	1,400	300	900	50	1,800,000	yen
Brazil	1,200	800	1,400	2,100	2,100	200	13,000	real
India	2,200	2,300	1,300	1,000	800	80	400,000	rupees

Table 2: Demand

	North America	South America	Europe	Japan	Asia
Demand (Tons/Year)	270	190	200	120	100

Table 3: Anticipated Exchange Rates

Currency	US$
US$	1
Mark	0.502
Yen	0.0093
Real	0.562
Rupee	0.023

Determine the low-cost optimal production distribution plan using Excel Solver.