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A Norwegian company specialising in the production of bottled water. The company operates through three divisions that all process and bottle their 'own-source' drinking water,

A Norwegian company specialising in the production of bottled water. The company operates through three divisions that all process and bottle their 'own-source' drinking water, which is then sold through a network of retailers.

The following is summarised data, for the past financial year, in respect of the 3 autonomous water-processing and bottling divisions:

Division

X

Y

Z

Total

Revenue:

,000

,000

,000

,000

Fees received

3600

4200

9000

16800

Less variable costs

936

1134

2790

4860

Contribution

2664

3066

6210

11940

Less fixed costs

1872

2184

4804

8860

Operating profit

792

882

1406

3080

Less interest costs on long-term debt at 10%

360

Profit before tax

2720

Less income tax expense Profit for the year

816

Profit for the year

1904

Assets

Non-current assets

2000

5000

6600

13600

Current assets

1600

1800

2000

5400

Total assets

3600

6800

8600

19000

Equity and liabilities:

Share capital

5000

Retained earnings

8800

Total equity

13800

Non-current liabilities

3600

Long-term borrowings

3600

Total non-current liabilities

0

Current liabilities

160

480

960

1600

Total current liabilities

160

480

960

1600

Total liabilities

5200

Total equity and liabilities

19000

The company operates with a target return on capital of 12% per annum. At present the performance of each division and its management is assessed against this target using return on investment (ROI) based on total assets and residual income (RI).

the company does not allocate its long-term borrowings to the three divisions, and it pays 30 percent corporation tax. Furthermore, the market value of the company's equity capital is 18 million, and the company's cost of equity is 15%. The market value of Hull plc's long-term borrowings is the same as its book value.

Required

(a) From the above data calculate the Return on Investment (ROI), residual income (RI) and economic value added (EVA) for:

  1. each of the three divisional managers;
  2. the financial viability for each of the three divisions. Briefly compare and comment on the performance of the three divisions

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