Question
A Norwegian company specialising in the production of bottled water. The company operates through three divisions that all process and bottle their 'own-source' drinking water,
A Norwegian company specialising in the production of bottled water. The company operates through three divisions that all process and bottle their 'own-source' drinking water, which is then sold through a network of retailers.
The following is summarised data, for the past financial year, in respect of the 3 autonomous water-processing and bottling divisions:
Division | X | Y | Z | Total |
Revenue: | ,000 | ,000 | ,000 | ,000 |
Fees received | 3600 | 4200 | 9000 | 16800 |
Less variable costs | 936 | 1134 | 2790 | 4860 |
Contribution | 2664 | 3066 | 6210 | 11940 |
Less fixed costs | 1872 | 2184 | 4804 | 8860 |
Operating profit | 792 | 882 | 1406 | 3080 |
Less interest costs on long-term debt at 10% | 360 | |||
Profit before tax | 2720 | |||
Less income tax expense Profit for the year | 816 | |||
Profit for the year | 1904 | |||
Assets | ||||
Non-current assets | 2000 | 5000 | 6600 | 13600 |
Current assets | 1600 | 1800 | 2000 | 5400 |
Total assets | 3600 | 6800 | 8600 | 19000 |
Equity and liabilities: | ||||
Share capital | 5000 | |||
Retained earnings | 8800 | |||
Total equity | 13800 | |||
Non-current liabilities | 3600 | |||
Long-term borrowings | 3600 | |||
Total non-current liabilities | 0 | |||
Current liabilities | 160 | 480 | 960 | 1600 |
Total current liabilities | 160 | 480 | 960 | 1600 |
Total liabilities | 5200 | |||
Total equity and liabilities | 19000 |
The company operates with a target return on capital of 12% per annum. At present the performance of each division and its management is assessed against this target using return on investment (ROI) based on total assets and residual income (RI).
the company does not allocate its long-term borrowings to the three divisions, and it pays 30 percent corporation tax. Furthermore, the market value of the company's equity capital is 18 million, and the company's cost of equity is 15%. The market value of Hull plc's long-term borrowings is the same as its book value.
Required
(a) From the above data calculate the Return on Investment (ROI), residual income (RI) and economic value added (EVA) for:
- each of the three divisional managers;
- the financial viability for each of the three divisions. Briefly compare and comment on the performance of the three divisions
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