a. Owner made no investments in the business, and no dividends were paid during the year. b. Owner made no investments in the business, and dividends paid were $10,800 during the year. c. No dividends were paid during the year, but the owner did invest an additional $45,000 cash in exchange for common stock. d. Dividends paid were $10,800 during the year, and the owner did invest an additional $35,000 cash near year-end in exchange for common stock. Determine net income or net loss for the business during the year for each of the above separate cases: Note: Decreases in equity should be indicated with a minus sign