A physician and president of a Tampa Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) are attempting to show the benefits of managed health care to an insurance company. The physician believes that certain types of doctors are more cost-effective than others. One theory is that Primary Specialty is an important factor in measuring the cost-effectiveness of physicians. To investigate this, the president obtained independent random samples of 20 HMO physicians from each of 4 primary specialties - General Pract ice (GP), Internal Medicine (IM), Pediatrics (PED), and Family Physicians (FP) - and recorded the total charges per member per month for each. A second factor which the president believes influences total charges per member per month is whether the doctor is a foreign or USA medical school graduate. The president theorizes that foreign graduates will have higher mean charges than USA graduates. To investigate this, the president also collected data on 20 foreign medical school graduates in each of the 4 primary specialty types described above. So information on charges for 4 O doctors (20 foreign and 20 USA medical school graduates) was obtained for each of the 4 specialties. The results for the ANOVA are summarized in the following table. Q T MS L 3 1 Source Specialty Med school Interaction Error Total SS 22,855 105 890 18,950 42,800 7,618 105 297 F 60.94 0.84 2.38 PR>F 0.0001 0.6744 0.1348 152 159 Referring to the table above, is there evidence of a difference between the mean charges of foreign and USA medical school graduates? Yes, the test for the main effect for primary specialty is significant at a = 0.10. No, the test for the main effect for medical school is not significant at a = 0.10. Maybe, but we need information on the 3-estimates to fully answer the question. No, the test for the interaction is not significant at a = 0.10. A physician and president of a Tampa Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) are attempting to show the benefits of managed health care to an insurance company. The physician believes that certain types of doctors are more cost-effective than others. One theory is that Primary Specialty is an important factor in measuring the cost-effectiveness of physicians. To investigate this, the president obtained independent random samples of 20 HMO physicians from each of 4 primary specialties - General Pract ice (GP), Internal Medicine (IM), Pediatrics (PED), and Family Physicians (FP) - and recorded the total charges per member per month for each. A second factor which the president believes influences total charges per member per month is whether the doctor is a foreign or USA medical school graduate. The president theorizes that foreign graduates will have higher mean charges than USA graduates. To investigate this, the president also collected data on 20 foreign medical school graduates in each of the 4 primary specialty types described above. So information on charges for 4 O doctors (20 foreign and 20 USA medical school graduates) was obtained for each of the 4 specialties. The results for the ANOVA are summarized in the following table. Q T MS L 3 1 Source Specialty Med school Interaction Error Total SS 22,855 105 890 18,950 42,800 7,618 105 297 F 60.94 0.84 2.38 PR>F 0.0001 0.6744 0.1348 152 159 Referring to the table above, is there evidence of a difference between the mean charges of foreign and USA medical school graduates? Yes, the test for the main effect for primary specialty is significant at a = 0.10. No, the test for the main effect for medical school is not significant at a = 0.10. Maybe, but we need information on the 3-estimates to fully answer the question. No, the test for the interaction is not significant at a = 0.10
