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A pilot study was conducted among 20 subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to determine whether a new inhaler medication improve respiratory function measured

A pilot study was conducted among 20 subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to determine whether a new inhaler medication improve respiratory function measured as the volume of air forcibly expired in one second (FEV1). Subjects were randomly assigned to use an inhaler with the new drug or an inhaler containing placebo. The group treated with the new drug had better respiratory function after one month, but the p-value was 0.12, and the investigators concluded that their was no statistically significant difference. Another research group performed an identical study except that they had a sample size of 160 people who were randomly assigned to one of the two treatments. The second study found that the new drug improved respiratory function, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.01). Which of the following statements best characterizes the conclusion of the first study?

A.

The conclusion of the first study represents a type 1 statistical error.

B.

The conclusion of the first study represents a type 2 statistical error.

C.

The conclusion of the first study represents both type 1 and type 2 statistical errors.

D.

The conclusion of the first study was not due either a type 1 or type 2 error.

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