A proposal must be distinguished from an invitation to treat. Automatic vending machines and automatic ticket machines in parking areas do present some legal difficulties. Accordingly, Lord Denning in Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking Ltd [1971] 2 QB 163 attempted to resolve the issues with particular reference to an automatic ticket machine in a parking lot.

(i) Based on the decision in this case, when the contract has been formed involving automatic ticket machine and automatic vending machine? Justify your answer by referring to the legal authority.

(ii) Describe other instances where the law considers that the party is yet to make an offer and support your discussion with legal authority.